九大基本写作错误速查
一览表
| # | 错误 | 表现形式 | 如何修复 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fragment（句子碎片） | 不是一个完整的句子 | 加上主语或动词，或连接到相邻句子 |
| 2 | Fused Sentence（融合句） | 两个句子之间没有任何标点连在一起 | 用句号分隔或用连词+逗号连接 |
| 3 | Comma Splice（逗号拼接） | 只用逗号连接两个独立句子 | 加分号、句号、或连词 |
| 4 | Lack of Subject-Verb Agreement（主谓不一致） | 主语和动词的数不一致 | 找到真正的主语，确保动词与之匹配 |
| 5 | Shift in Person or Number（人称/数不一致） | 在句子中切换人称（如从”one”跳到”you”） | 保持人称和数的一致性 |
| 6 | Dangling or Misplaced Modifier（悬垂/错位修饰语） | 修饰语没有清楚地指向被修饰对象 | 将被修饰对象紧跟在修饰语后面 |
| 7 | Lack of Parallelism（缺乏平行结构） | 并列项使用不同的语法形式 | 让所有并列项使用相同的语法结构 |
| 8 | Faulty Pronoun Reference（代词指代不清） | 代词（it/they/this）指代不明确 | 明确写出代词所指代的名词 |
| 9 | Wrong Word（用词错误） | 使用了含义或形式相似的错误词语 | 查阅词典确认 |
详细说明
1. Fragment（句子碎片）
错误
“Because the experiment was not completed on time.” — 这只是从句，没有主句。
修复
“The researchers could not draw conclusions because the experiment was not completed on time.”
2. Fused Sentence（融合句）
错误
“The results were inconclusive we need to run more tests.”
修复
“The results were inconclusive. We need to run more tests.” “The results were inconclusive ; we need to run more tests.”（分号）
3. Comma Splice（逗号拼接）
错误
“The theory is compelling, it explains many phenomena.”
修复
“The theory is compelling ; it explains many phenomena.” “The theory is compelling because it explains many phenomena.”
4. Lack of Subject-Verb Agreement（主谓不一致）
错误
“The group of students are meeting.”（真正的主语是 group，而不是 students）
修复
“The group of students is meeting.”
5. Shift in Person or Number（人称/数不一致）
错误
“If one wants to succeed, you must work hard.”
修复
“If you want to succeed, you must work hard.” “If one wants to succeed, one must work hard.”
6. Dangling or Misplaced Modifier（悬垂/错位修饰语）
错误
“Having finished the experiment, the results were analyzed.”（谁完成的实验？不是”results”）
修复
“Having finished the experiment, the team analyzed the results.”
7. Lack of Parallelism（缺乏平行结构）
错误
“The study was comprehensive, rigorous, and it used a large sample.”
修复
“The study was comprehensive, rigorous, and well-sampled.”
8. Faulty Pronoun Reference（代词指代不清）
错误
“The professor told the student that his paper was late.”（谁的论文？教授的？学生的？）
修复
“The professor told the student that the student’s paper was late.”
9. Wrong Word（用词错误）
错误
“The findings had a deep affect on the field.”（affect 是动词，effect 是名词）
修复
“The findings had a deep effect on the field.”
预防策略
- 大声朗读你的文本——你能听到哪里不对劲
- 检查每个句子的完整性——是完整的句子吗？
- 检查所有代词——每个 “it”/“this”/“they” 是否都有明确指代
- 检查并列结构——A、B、and C 是否都是同样的语法形式